CALIBER 2025: Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh

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A Review of Integrating AI Chatbots into Library Services in Higher Education: Opportunities and Challenges
(INFLIBNET Centre Gandhinagar, 2025-12-08) Bairagi, Mandira; Lihitkar, Shalini; Dhanalakshmi, B
This article investigates the increasingly popular phenomenon of integrating chatbots into library services while also considering their potential uses and associated challenges. By providing a review and synthesis of the relevant literature and empirical studies, the study investigates the implications of Chatbots for user experience, information retrieval, and the role of the librarian. Due to technology moving ahead quickly, AI-based chatbots are becoming more common in various sectors such as e-commerce, travel, hospitality, banking, and educational technology. However, academic libraries have yet to embrace chatbots. The findings indicate that chatbot like ChatGPT has the potential to enhance service availability, prolong access to library services, and provide more personalized user support, as well as reduce librarian routine tasks and enhance the quality of information retrieval. This paper presents a qualitative study that investigated the perceived risks and barriers of adopting chatbots to libraries and the benefits of chatbots to improve the user experience of library patrons and stakeholders. The benefits of incorporating chatbots into a library are their potential to improve user satisfaction, enhance virtual student services, and offer multiple rollover services in an academic environment. In addition, the study, again, allows for the consideration of challenges, such as the use accuracy of the information provided, privacy of data, and data security when implementing a chatbot in a library in an effective and ethical way. The present study provides useful information to consider for future research and practice in sufficiently and ethically integrating chatbots into contemporary library contexts
A Study of Open Education Resource Usage Among LIS Students in Kerala Higher Education Institutions
(INFLIBNET Centre Gandhinagar, 2025-12-02) Rasheed, Shaukhiya; K T, Raheeha; K.Y, Inzamam Ul Haq
Open Educational Resources (OER) represent a significant initiative aimed at enhancing the accessibility of educational materials for all interested learners. The study investigates the awareness, usage patterns, perceived benefits, and barriers to OER adoption among Library and Information Science (LIS) students across various colleges in Kerala. Data were collected from 101 respondents (39.61%) out of a sample of 255 students, selected through simple random sampling from nine colleges. The findings indicate that the majority of LIS students are aware of OER and utilize them effectively. Key benefits identified include cost-effective learning and improved accessibility, while notable challenges encompass concerns regarding the quality of resources and technical difficulties. The study highlights the need for institutions to actively promote OER through targeted training and increased participation, particularly in the context of open courses. Regular evaluation and the organization of OER-focused congresses are recommended to ensure resource quality, and further democratize knowledge dissemination
Access, Equity, and Quality of Information in the Indian Context
(INFLIBNET Centre Gandhinagar, 2025-12-02) K., Sreelatha; A., Mohanan
In India’s dynamic and diverse socio-cultural landscape, access, equity, and quality of information are essential for participatory governance, educational advancement, and inclusive development. This paper examines these interlinked dimensions within the Indian context, analysing the infrastructural, socio-political, and technological challenges that shape information dissemination and utilisation. Despite progressive policies like the Right to Information Act (2005), Digital India, and One Nation One Subscription, disparities persist due to language barriers, digital illiteracy, and infrastructural limitations. Equity concerns remain prominent among marginalised groups, including Scheduled Castes, women, persons with disabilities, and rural populations, often excluded from digital resources due to structural constraints. The study highlights the role of libraries, both academic and public, as well as digital resources, as critical access points, but notes their limitations in terms of funding and modernisation. It also emphasises the importance of ensuring quality through reliable, relevant, and updated content, particularly in academic and governmental domains, while combating predatory publishing and misinformation. Technological innovations and policy interventions, such as SWAYAM, NDLI, and Open Government Data platforms, offer promising directions. Drawing comparisons with global models, the paper advocates for inclusive design, multilingual support, and community-centred digital strategies to ensure equitable and high- quality information access for all citizens
An Equitable Approach towards 21st Century Public Library Systems in India: a Case Study
(INFLIBNET Centre Gandhinagar, 2025-12-02) Nigam, Anukrati; Mujral, Rajni
The landscape of library systems in urban and rural libraries of India faces multiple challenges. A cultural shift and focus are needed towards reviving the culture of reading and public libraries outside the libraries of educational institutions and universities in India. In this study, the authors analyze the library systems in India and propose the Toronto Public Library model, largest and busiest public library in North America as an adaptable framework for revisioning library systems for the world’s largest democracy - 21st century India. Furthermore, a case study of libraries in rural areas of Punjab is highlighted to address the needs for an equitable framework of distribution and access to libraries for socially excluded groups, women and people with disabilities. Libraries have the potential to be a transformative space for skills and intellectual development for the general public while bridging the socio-economic divide
An Evaluation of Academic Libraries Empowering Women, Children, and Differently-abled Individuals in Uttar Pradesh
(INFLIBNET Centre Gandhinagar, 2025-12-02) Sharma, Neha; Sharma, Jyoti
Academic libraries are crucial instruments for fostering equitable access to information, especially among underrepresented groups such as women, children, and differently-abled individuals. In the state of Uttar Pradesh, India, substantial urban-rural disparities substantially influence the availability and utilization of library resources. This study evaluates how these disparities impact educational empowerment by analyzing service accessibility, digital inclusion, and user engagement. It is employing a mixed-methods approach; data were analyzed for 480 participants across 66 academic institutions in eight cities, supported by quantitative metrics and qualitative feedback. The study reveals that while urban women and children demonstrate higher library engagement and better educational achievements, differently-abled users continue to face difficulties owing to inadequate assistive technologies and insufficient staff training. Children see the greatest academic gains, while women benefit in digital literacy and self-confidence. Despite strong motivation, differently-abled users remain underserved. Digital platforms like NDLI and DIKSHA exist, yet their impact is constrained by limited awareness, poor infrastructure, and exclusionary practices. Barriers such as short operating hours, lack of quiet zones, and absence of inclusive or gender-sensitive resources disproportionately affect rural and marginalized users. The study highlights the urgent requirement for upgraded infrastructure, inclusive policy development, and targeted staff training, concluding with practical strategies aimed at reducing access disparities and fostering empowerment among all user groups in both urban and rural areas
Artificial Intelligence Integration in Teaching, Learning, and Research: A Comparative Study among Research Scholars and Faculty Members at Farook College, Kerala
(INFLIBNET Centre Gandhinagar, 2025-12-01) T P, Shabna; K, Mohamed Haneefa
The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies is transforming the landscape of higher education, presenting both innovative opportunities and significant challenges for academic institutions. This comparative study investigated the levels of awareness, attitudes, usage patterns, and institutional readiness for AI integration among research scholars and faculty members at Farook College, with particular focus on identifying disparities between these two key academic constituencies. A descriptive research design was employed with 127 participants (75 faculty members and 52 research scholars) from various disciplines. Data were collected through structured questionnaires administered via printed copies and Google Forms, achieving response rates of 87.80% among faculty members and 66.67% among research scholars. The study reveals substantial differences between research scholars and faculty in AI integration readiness, with research scholars showing higher enthusiasm but also greater concern intensity. Both groups recognise AI's transformative potential while emphasising the need for ethical implementation. The findings highlight urgent requirements for differentiated institutional strategies that address faculty training deficits, develop comprehensive AI governance policies, and establish equitable support systems. The research contributes to understanding stakeholder-specific needs in AI adoption and provides evidence for developing targeted interventions to ensure the responsible and effective integration of AI in higher education contexts.
Artificial Intelligence Literacy among Research Scholars: A Study
(INFLIBNET Centre Gandhinagar, 2025-12-01) Vijayakumar, M; Sahoo, Jyotshna; KT, Naheem
This study adopted a quantitative method to assess the Artificial Intelligence (AI) literacy level of research scholars affiliated with Pondicherry University, India. A total of 60 respondents from various departments coming under the departments of Science and Social Science streams participated in this online survey that explored their level of AI literacy in the five key components, such as knowledge and understanding of AI, skills in using AI tools for research, ethical awareness and critical thinking, and attitudes and perceptions toward AI. The findings of this study highlight significant gaps in AI literacy among research scholars, particularly in distinguishing AI concepts, the practical application of AI tools, and ethical practice. Despite strong foundational knowledge and positive attitudes toward AI, scholars hesitate to integrate AI into their research processes and consistently cite AI-generated material. This study calls for developing AI literacy modules and training programs across India's higher education sector
Automation in Cataloguing: Assessing the Efficiency of AI Chatbots in the Classification of Manuscripts
(INFLIBNET Centre Gandhinagar, 2025-12-01) K, Sreehari; P, Silpa; T M, Vasudevan
Artificial intelligence provides human-like interaction with software and offers support for specific tasks. Currently, libraries have been automated, and cataloguing can be performed easily. This study focuses on understanding the efficiency of AI chatbots in cataloguing manuscripts. This study was conducted using 50 random manuscript titles from the catalogue of the Oriental Research Institute & Manuscript Library, Thiruvananthapuram. Using the same prompt, the investigator used AI chatbots to identify the details of manuscripts, such as title, author, language, and script. Controlled experiments, load testing, response time measurements, and comparative analyses were performed using the data. Different chatbots have different abilities to return information. The ability of chatbots has been compared and evaluated at various stages in the classification process of a manuscript
Development of Public Libraries in India based on Access Initiatives of Governments - A Conceptual Approach
(INFLIBNET Centre Gandhinagar, 2025-12-01) N, Shree Rekha; N, Radhakrishnan
Public libraries in India are essential establishments which support literacy, educational equity, lifelong learning, and knowledge democratization. In a nation characterized by socio- economic inequality, linguistic variety, and sizable rural populations, these libraries are essential resources for inclusive growth. Many public libraries in India suffer from structural issues like financing, facilities, and a lack of modernization, despite their significance. The Government of India (GoI), realizing these problems, has made proactive steps to modernize and enlarge the public library system. The Raja Rammohun Roy Library Foundation (RRRLF) and the National Mission on Libraries (NML) are important initiators and they both prioritize the development of human resources, technological integration, and infrastructure. The paper deals with the GoI's all-encompassing plans to update public libraries, looks at the legislative and financial structures that sustain them, and assesses initiatives to guarantee equal access to information resources throughout the nation. It offers insights into the transformative potential of libraries as agents of social empowerment and education in India in the twenty- first century by examining laws, policies, and empirical data
Digital Literacy of Library and Information Science Students in Universities in Kerala
(INFLIBNET Centre Gandhinagar, 2025-12-01) Shibu, Meghna; K, Mohamed Haneefa
This study aims to explore the digital literacy of Library and Information Science (LIS) Students in universities in Kerala. The sample of the study comprises 124 students. Structured questionnaires were used for data collection. On examining different dimensions of digital literacy, students showed expertise in some areas and lacked skills in others. They found their digital literacy useful for academic and personal needs, and the LIS course contributed to its improvement. The findings offer valuable insights for policymakers and institutions to take steps in enhancing student digital literacy, as the study identifies current skill levels, areas of weakness, and student suggestions for improvement
EnviAndhra: Gamifying Environmental Awareness Through Library- Led Digital Platforms
(INFLIBNET Centre Gandhinagar, 2025-12-02) Kantubhuktha, Surya Naveen; Joshi, Nisha Sunil
Gamified platforms enhance engagement and promote behavioral change by fostering experiential learning and encouraging users to engage with environmental issues, aligning with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This study investigates the role of libraries as proactive advocates for environmental awareness and education by developing EnviAndhra, a gamified digital platform that promotes eco-literacy, sustainable behavior, and community participation. Taking advantage of libraries' trusted and accessible status, this research offers an innovative integration of game-based learning, community involvement, and environmental data tracking inside a library-led ecosystem. The goal is to provide an engaging and scalable solution for raising environmental awareness among adolescents and the broader public through narrative, challenges, and regional environmental initiatives. The researcher proposed ways to raise environmental awareness via a gamified platform. One way to distribute information, whether digital or tangible, is through libraries
How do Indian Research Data Repositories contribute to Open Data? - A Policy Perspective based on the re3data registry
(INFLIBNET Centre Gandhinagar, 2025-12-01) Dandpat, Sushree Snigdha; Shweta; Gupta, Dinesh Kumar
The present study investigates the policy perspective of Indian research data repositories indexed in the re3data registry. The study analyses the policies and terms of 36 RDRs, including the funding obligations of the institution. Each RDR's general and terms sections were explored, and the information was exported to an Excel sheet for further analysis. The study identified that there are only 29 active RDRs available as per the information available on the database, and the other 7 RDRs are inactive/unavailable. Most of the RDRs (n = 30) provide some policy information on the database; however, there is no uniformity in the classification of these policies. The study's findings emphasise the need for a more thorough and structured policy for RDRs, which will enhance the utility of the repositories and pave the way for global collaboration
Information Resilience in the Artificial Intelligence Era: A Global Scenario of Cybersecurity Strategies
(INFLIBNET Centre Gandhinagar, 2025-12-02) Mandal, Subhadip; Chakraborty, Kanu; Patra, Swapan Kumar; Upadhyay, Navin; Kumari, Anisha
In the AI era, there is a constant push and pull between cyber attackers and defenders to create a resilient information system. Some popular big AI giants like Open AI, Google, Microsoft etc and many developed nations such as UK, USA, Singapore etc are working on Cyberattacks. This paper is a review of the policy statements adopted by selected governments and the subsequent policy measures taken by the big multinational corporations. This study adopts a qualitative and descriptive research methodology based on secondary data analysis. The approach is primarily documentary and policy review-based, aiming to explore how various national and international entities are addressing cybersecurity challenges in the context of growing Artificial Intelligence adoption. With this growing use, there is a major apprehension about the safety, security, integrity, and robustness of the information system. So, it is a matter of concern how the information system deals with this issue. This study highlights the impact of AI in modern information resilience systems and focusing on the way to enhance their ability to handle uncertainties, adversarial attacks, and data perturbations
Integrating Cloud, Blockchain, and AI in Libraries: Democratizing Knowledge for Viksit Bharat 2047
(INFLIBNET Centre Gandhinagar, 2025-12-02) Mathangi, Ranjith Kumar
This paper explores the transformative potential of integrating cloud computing, blockchain technology, and artificial intelligence (AI) in library systems to democratize knowledge and foster inclusive growth towards achieving Viksit Bharat by 2047. By leveraging existing literature, case studies, and conceptual frameworks, this research evaluates how these technologies can enhance information accessibility, security, and management efficiency within libraries, thus significantly improving user experience and operational efficacy. Key findings suggest substantial improvements in data management, security assurance, and personalized user services. This paper also identifies challenges and proposes strategic recommendations for the effective implementation of these technologies in library infrastructure
Intellectual Property Management in Healthcare Startups in Thiruvananthapuram and the transformative role of Libraries
(INFLIBNET Centre Gandhinagar, 2025-12-08) Gopi, Dimple
This study investigates the intellectual property (IP) management practices of healthcare startups based in Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala. It explores their primary IP assets, strategic approaches, challenges faced, awareness of government initiatives, and the significance of training in IP management. Despite the existence of supportive government schemes such as Startup India - which offers benefits like expedited patent processing and legal facilitation - awareness and utilization remain low. The structured training and guidance in IP management are lacking. A key focus of this research is to examine how libraries, particularly academic and public institutions, can address these knowledge gaps. By offering access to IP databases, hosting training sessions, supporting research, and connecting startups with expert resources, libraries have the potential to evolve into critical innovation and IP support hubs. The findings provide insights into the current state of IP practices in the region and recommend strategies for policymakers, incubators, and libraries to collectively foster a more IP-literate and resilient startup ecosystem
Knowledge Democratisation Towards Viksit Bharat Through Open Access: Challenges and Role of Librarians
(INFLIBNET Centre Gandhinagar, 2025-12-08) S, Sudarshan Rao
This paper discusses the importance of democratization of knowledge in providing equitable access to knowledge for all in the country for achieving the vision of Viksit Bharat, a developed nation, by 2047. In all the activities, such as excellence in education, innovation, research, development, and economic advancements, technology development, employment, etc., open and free access to scholarly information is of vital importance. The paper offers the meaning of Democratization, Open Access and Open Access Publishing, their importance in building a Knowledge Society and thereby a knowledge Economy. It describes how knowledge democratization helps in achieving Viksit Bharat and the role of open access in the democratization of knowledge. It also discusses the challenges of open access publishing, such as the proliferation of predatory OA journals, the burden on authors with huge amounts of Article Processing Charges, apprehensions about the quality of OA publications by a section of authors, Copyrights as access limitations, etc. The paper discusses the role of librarians in overcoming the challenges/constraints to Open Access. This work followed Descriptive and Analytical methods of study and made use of secondary sources of information and secondary data
Leveraging Retrieval-Augmented Generation in Local Library Systems: The BiblioGPT Prototype
(INFLIBNET Centre Gandhinagar, 2025-12-02) Santra,Patit Paban; Kashyap, Rupsikha; Mahata,Anima; Rath, Durga Sankar; Sk, Md. Ajimuddin
In today's digital age, library users often seek concept-oriented information that keyword searching cannot easily pro-vide, particularly when dealing with complex classification schemes such as the Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) or the Library of Congress Classification (LCC). This work introduces BiblioGPT, a locally deployed conversational search application designed to fill the gap by providing natural language queries over structured library knowledge. The architecture combines the open-source Mistral language model with a Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) pipeline through the WARC-GPT framework, which ingests and semantically processes WARC (Web ARChive) files as searchable content utilizing vector embedding (Chroma) and Groq-based inference. An easy-to-use interface enables smooth interaction, pulling contextually appropriate and accurate responses. Two case studies, a theoretical and a prac-tical one, demonstrate the prototype's capability to correctly interpret and answer questions, including assigning the proper DDC numbers to book titles. Although trained on a smaller dataset than the popular cloud models, BiblioGPT preserved stable performance while protecting user privacy by being deployed locally. The results confirm BiblioGPT's promise as a privacy-protecting, scalable solution that reinvents library system interaction, transforming from inflexi-ble keyword searching to flexible, smarter, and natural language-supported information retrieval. This paper describes a visionary strategy for digital library services, setting BiblioGPT as a model for future domain-specific AI-based li-brary software
Libraries as Pathmakers: IoT-Based Hygrothermal Control for Sustainable Educational Spaces
(INFLIBNET Centre Gandhinagar, 2025-12-02) Sharath, G V Krishna; Thakur, Khusbu
School libraries face significant problems in establishing and maintaining stable hygrothermal variables essential for the long-term preservation of literary materials and educational resources. This difficulty is further exacerbated by the presence of numerous distractions within educational institutions, combined with limited staff and inadequate infrastructure. The study presents an Internet of Things (IoT) based monitoring and control system that utilises microcontrollers, sensors, and automated devices to enable real-time regulation of temperature and humidity. The proposed system mitigates deviations from established preservation thresholds and lays the groundwork for data-based environmental management practices. By utilising economical and energy-efficient solutions, this system aligns with broader objectives aimed at the sustainable development of educational entities. Through the adoption of IoT, libraries have the potential to evolve into innovative, efficient resources while maintaining a steadfast dedication to educational reform and addressing climate change as a pathmaker to the SDGs of the United Nations
Libraries Empowering Differently-abled Students in Higher Education Institutions in Tamil Nadu – A Study
(INFLIBNET Centre Gandhinagar, 2025-12-02) A Bagavathi; Kumar, S K Asok
This study explores the transformative role of academic libraries in empowering differently- abled students across Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in Tamil Nadu. Grounded in the mandates of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (RPwD) Act, 2016 and the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020, the research investigates how libraries are evolving into inclusive spaces through adaptive infrastructure, assistive technologies, and user-cantered services. Employing a mixed-method approach, the study draws from surveys and interviews conducted across ten HEIs, encompassing students, faculty, and library professionals. Findings reveal a high level of awareness regarding inclusive library services (90%), yet highlight persistent challenges in the implementation of assistive tools, staff training, and policy enforcement. While institutions like Tamil Nadu Open University, Bharathidasan University, and The Tamil Nadu Dr. Ambedkar Law University exemplify best practices through specialized labs and accessible learning materials, the majority of institutions still face systemic barriers including inadequate funding, infrastructure gaps, and limited faculty-library collaboration. The study emphasizes the critical need for institutional policy development, diversified investment in assistive technologies, ongoing professional training, and strategic partnerships with NGOs and technology providers. It concludes that while Tamil Nadu’s academic libraries are progressively advancing toward inclusivity, sustained efforts and systemic reforms are essential to ensure equitable academic participation for differently-abled students
Libraries in Promoting SDGs and SDG 3 in specific (Good Health & Wellbeing): Awareness of Indian Librarians
(INFLIBNET Centre Gandhinagar, 2025-12-02) V K, Thahira Shirin; Sarma, Sujatha
With an emphasis on Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and specifically SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, libraries are essential for promoting public health awareness, guaranteeing access to trustworthy health information, and facilitating community well- being, in addition to providing information, a variety of resources, and digital literacy. The study investigates librarians' knowledge of the SDGs and their degree of involvement in promoting these goals through library services by means of a quantitative survey that was given to 100 librarians working in academic, medical, and public libraries in India. The results show that although librarians are generally aware of the SDGs, their specific knowledge and involvement with SDGs and SDG3 is still quite poor. Lack of knowledge, scarcity of funding, and lack of cooperation with health-related organizations are the main challenges. Respondents did, however, indicate a desire to help through medical camps, health literacy initiatives, collaborations with healthcare providers, and the application of cutting-edge technologies like AR/VR and mobile health kiosks to achieve SDG 3(Good Health & Well-being). In order to enable libraries to more successfully contribute to these goals, the study ends by suggesting focused training, resource support, and institutional collaboration. As India works towards its 2047 goal of becoming a "Viksit Bharat," strengthening the roles of librarians in the SDG agenda will be essential

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