CALIBER 2025: Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh

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Artificial Intelligence Integration in Teaching, Learning, and Research: A Comparative Study among Research Scholars and Faculty Members at Farook College, Kerala
(INFLIBNET Centre Gandhinagar, 2025-12-01) T P, Shabna; K, Mohamed Haneefa
The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies is transforming the landscape of higher education, presenting both innovative opportunities and significant challenges for academic institutions. This comparative study investigated the levels of awareness, attitudes, usage patterns, and institutional readiness for AI integration among research scholars and faculty members at Farook College, with particular focus on identifying disparities between these two key academic constituencies. A descriptive research design was employed with 127 participants (75 faculty members and 52 research scholars) from various disciplines. Data were collected through structured questionnaires administered via printed copies and Google Forms, achieving response rates of 87.80% among faculty members and 66.67% among research scholars. The study reveals substantial differences between research scholars and faculty in AI integration readiness, with research scholars showing higher enthusiasm but also greater concern intensity. Both groups recognise AI's transformative potential while emphasising the need for ethical implementation. The findings highlight urgent requirements for differentiated institutional strategies that address faculty training deficits, develop comprehensive AI governance policies, and establish equitable support systems. The research contributes to understanding stakeholder-specific needs in AI adoption and provides evidence for developing targeted interventions to ensure the responsible and effective integration of AI in higher education contexts.
Automation in Cataloguing: Assessing the Efficiency of AI Chatbots in the Classification of Manuscripts
(INFLIBNET Centre Gandhinagar, 2025-12-01) K, Sreehari; P, Silpa; T M, Vasudevan
Artificial intelligence provides human-like interaction with software and offers support for specific tasks. Currently, libraries have been automated, and cataloguing can be performed easily. This study focuses on understanding the efficiency of AI chatbots in cataloguing manuscripts. This study was conducted using 50 random manuscript titles from the catalogue of the Oriental Research Institute & Manuscript Library, Thiruvananthapuram. Using the same prompt, the investigator used AI chatbots to identify the details of manuscripts, such as title, author, language, and script. Controlled experiments, load testing, response time measurements, and comparative analyses were performed using the data. Different chatbots have different abilities to return information. The ability of chatbots has been compared and evaluated at various stages in the classification process of a manuscript
Artificial Intelligence Literacy among Research Scholars: A Study
(INFLIBNET Centre Gandhinagar, 2025-12-01) Vijayakumar, M; Sahoo, Jyotshna; KT, Naheem
This study adopted a quantitative method to assess the Artificial Intelligence (AI) literacy level of research scholars affiliated with Pondicherry University, India. A total of 60 respondents from various departments coming under the departments of Science and Social Science streams participated in this online survey that explored their level of AI literacy in the five key components, such as knowledge and understanding of AI, skills in using AI tools for research, ethical awareness and critical thinking, and attitudes and perceptions toward AI. The findings of this study highlight significant gaps in AI literacy among research scholars, particularly in distinguishing AI concepts, the practical application of AI tools, and ethical practice. Despite strong foundational knowledge and positive attitudes toward AI, scholars hesitate to integrate AI into their research processes and consistently cite AI-generated material. This study calls for developing AI literacy modules and training programs across India's higher education sector
Development of Public Libraries in India based on Access Initiatives of Governments - A Conceptual Approach
(INFLIBNET Centre Gandhinagar, 2025-12-01) N, Shree Rekha; N, Radhakrishnan
Public libraries in India are essential establishments which support literacy, educational equity, lifelong learning, and knowledge democratization. In a nation characterized by socio- economic inequality, linguistic variety, and sizable rural populations, these libraries are essential resources for inclusive growth. Many public libraries in India suffer from structural issues like financing, facilities, and a lack of modernization, despite their significance. The Government of India (GoI), realizing these problems, has made proactive steps to modernize and enlarge the public library system. The Raja Rammohun Roy Library Foundation (RRRLF) and the National Mission on Libraries (NML) are important initiators and they both prioritize the development of human resources, technological integration, and infrastructure. The paper deals with the GoI's all-encompassing plans to update public libraries, looks at the legislative and financial structures that sustain them, and assesses initiatives to guarantee equal access to information resources throughout the nation. It offers insights into the transformative potential of libraries as agents of social empowerment and education in India in the twenty- first century by examining laws, policies, and empirical data
Digital Literacy of Library and Information Science Students in Universities in Kerala
(INFLIBNET Centre Gandhinagar, 2025-12-01) Shibu, Meghna; K, Mohamed Haneefa
This study aims to explore the digital literacy of Library and Information Science (LIS) Students in universities in Kerala. The sample of the study comprises 124 students. Structured questionnaires were used for data collection. On examining different dimensions of digital literacy, students showed expertise in some areas and lacked skills in others. They found their digital literacy useful for academic and personal needs, and the LIS course contributed to its improvement. The findings offer valuable insights for policymakers and institutions to take steps in enhancing student digital literacy, as the study identifies current skill levels, areas of weakness, and student suggestions for improvement
How do Indian Research Data Repositories contribute to Open Data? - A Policy Perspective based on the re3data registry
(INFLIBNET Centre Gandhinagar, 2025-12-01) Dandpat, Sushree Snigdha; Shweta; Gupta, Dinesh Kumar
The present study investigates the policy perspective of Indian research data repositories indexed in the re3data registry. The study analyses the policies and terms of 36 RDRs, including the funding obligations of the institution. Each RDR's general and terms sections were explored, and the information was exported to an Excel sheet for further analysis. The study identified that there are only 29 active RDRs available as per the information available on the database, and the other 7 RDRs are inactive/unavailable. Most of the RDRs (n = 30) provide some policy information on the database; however, there is no uniformity in the classification of these policies. The study's findings emphasise the need for a more thorough and structured policy for RDRs, which will enhance the utility of the repositories and pave the way for global collaboration
Leveraging Retrieval-Augmented Generation in Local Library Systems: The BiblioGPT Prototype
(INFLIBNET Centre Gandhinagar, 2025-12-02) Santra,Patit Paban; Kashyap, Rupsikha; Mahata,Anima; Rath, Durga Sankar; Sk, Md. Ajimuddin
In today's digital age, library users often seek concept-oriented information that keyword searching cannot easily pro-vide, particularly when dealing with complex classification schemes such as the Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) or the Library of Congress Classification (LCC). This work introduces BiblioGPT, a locally deployed conversational search application designed to fill the gap by providing natural language queries over structured library knowledge. The architecture combines the open-source Mistral language model with a Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) pipeline through the WARC-GPT framework, which ingests and semantically processes WARC (Web ARChive) files as searchable content utilizing vector embedding (Chroma) and Groq-based inference. An easy-to-use interface enables smooth interaction, pulling contextually appropriate and accurate responses. Two case studies, a theoretical and a prac-tical one, demonstrate the prototype's capability to correctly interpret and answer questions, including assigning the proper DDC numbers to book titles. Although trained on a smaller dataset than the popular cloud models, BiblioGPT preserved stable performance while protecting user privacy by being deployed locally. The results confirm BiblioGPT's promise as a privacy-protecting, scalable solution that reinvents library system interaction, transforming from inflexi-ble keyword searching to flexible, smarter, and natural language-supported information retrieval. This paper describes a visionary strategy for digital library services, setting BiblioGPT as a model for future domain-specific AI-based li-brary software
Multi Stakeholder Synergies in Library Infrastructure Development: The Role of Government, Private Sector, and NGOs in Democratizing Access and Funding in India
(INFLIBNET Centre Gandhinagar, 2025-12-02) Ranjan, Vivek; K, Manoj Kumar; Agadi, K B
Every nation progressively plans for an unconditional pattern involving government, private, and NGO sectors to ensure democratic access to multiple resources. Funding is systematically arranged to energize IT infrastructure development. However, when it comes to development of libraries, there are multiple issues to attain sustainability and progressive development plan. This paper examines the evolving roles of the government, private sector, and nongovernmental organisations (NGOs) in promoting equitable access to library services and modernising library infrastructure in India. It draws on legislative frameworks, national policy documents, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) initiatives, and flagship programmes such as the National Mission on Libraries (NML) and the National Digital Library of India (NDLI) to evaluate both achievements and persistent challenges in the sector. The findings reveal a fragmented policy environment, marked by uneven adoption of state legislation and the absence of a cohesive funding strategy. These gaps have historically led to chronic underinvestment and an overreliance on ad hoc financial support. Despite targeted interventions, rural communities have faced infrastructural deficits, limited digital access, and uneven service delivery. At the same time, the study highlights several innovative and community-led models such as CSR-funded rural libraries, mobile library services, inclusive formats like Braille, and collaborative platforms like Sugamya Pustakalaya, which demonstrate the potential for scalable and inclusive solutions. These initiatives underscore the critical importance of participatory governance, institutional capacity, and cross-sector collaboration in shaping an effective and sustainable library ecosystem. The paper argues that a unified national library policy backed by diversified funding streams, robust digital integration, and institutionalised partnerships is essential for ensuring equitable, resilient, and future-ready library services across India
Reimagining Academic Library Websites: A Strategic Planning Framework for Inclusive and User-Centric Digital Infrastructure
(INFLIBNET Centre Gandhinagar, 2025-12-02) Srivastava, Nikhil Anand; Tripathi, Aditya; Singh, Satya Prakash
Library websites have become essential gateways to institutional knowledge and services in the contemporary academic landscape, shaped by rapid digital transformation. However, many Indian higher education institutions still exhibit a disconnect between user expectations and digital service delivery. Numerous library portals suffer from outdated designs, limited accessibility, and weak alignment with evolving pedagogical and technological demands. These limitations restrict libraries from functioning as strategic partners in advancing research, learning, and inclusion. This study presents a five-phase strategic planning framework tailored to the Indian context, emphasizing user-centred design, accessibility, and continuous improvement factors often overlooked in institutional planning. The framework is structured around Assessment, Design, Integration, Implementation, and Evaluation and draws on established usability and accessibility standards, including Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG 2.1). It aligns with national priorities such as the National Education Policy (2020) and quality benchmarks like the National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF). Developed through literature synthesis, national case studies, and benchmarking against global best practices, the model remains flexible and scalable, accommodating diverse institutional capacities. Core components include Accessible Rich Internet Applications (ARIA) labels for screen-reader navigation, beta testing for usability validation, and Jakob Nielsen’s heuristics for interface quality. The proposed approach repositions the academic library website from a passive repository to an inclusive, adaptive platform central to digital engagement, advocating a shift from fragmented digital services toward holistic, user-driven ecosystems that ensure equitable access and long-term relevance
The Indispensable Role of Libraries in Mitigating Societal Inequalities: An In-Depth Analysis
(INFLIBNET Centre Gandhinagar, 2025-12-02) Naik, B Naresh; Babu, K Surendra; Veeranjaneya, K
This paper explores the indispensable functions of libraries in promoting social inclusion, enhancing educational outcomes, and bridging the digital divide, especially for marginalized populations such as low-income families, immigrants, individuals with disabilities, and rural communities. Special attention is given to how modern libraries adapt through digital services, outreach programs, and partnerships with schools and local organisations to meet evolving societal needs. And it also concludes that sustained investment in library systems is essential for building equitable societies and ensuring that all citizens have the tools necessary to thrive in a knowledge-based world. The major challenges faced by the libraries in mitigating the inequalities in societal lack of funds, lack of awareness on the social in equalities, lack of ethics and lack of vision in implementing the resources in libraries
Smart Technologies in Libraries: Exploring the Synergy of Cloud Computing, AI, and Blockchain
(INFLIBNET Centre Gandhinagar, 2025-12-02) Saw, Ajaya Kumar; Rout, Rosalien
Due to digital transformation, libraries are evolving into dynamic knowledge hubs. Emerging technologies such as cloud computing, blockchain, and artificial intelligence (AI) significantly influence the way libraries function and deliver services. At present, there is an opportunity to explore these developments in greater depth. However, no comprehensive review of the application of these technologies in libraries has been conducted. Therefore, this study aims to carry out a systematic literature review of academic articles on cloud computing, blockchain, and artificial intelligence (AI) in the library context using the PRISMA method. The review synthesizes peer-reviewed works published between 2020 and 2024 retrieved from Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. The study's results indicate that there is still minimal academic research on these topics. The reviewed studies primarily focused on three key areas: the applications and adoption trends of these technologies, their advantages and challenges, and their comparative as well as complementary roles. Findings show that cloud computing is the most advanced and widely applied technology in library systems, repositories, and consortia. Artificial intelligence is expanding through chatbots, recommender systems, and predictive analytics, while blockchain remains experimental, mainly in rights management and authentication. Together, these technologies form the foundation of smart libraries, though ethical, technical, and regional challenges persist. Overcoming these challenges requires technological integration, strong governance, and continuous capacity building. These measures are crucial to ensure libraries evolve into future-ready, user-centered ecosystems
Information Resilience in the Artificial Intelligence Era: A Global Scenario of Cybersecurity Strategies
(INFLIBNET Centre Gandhinagar, 2025-12-02) Mandal, Subhadip; Chakraborty, Kanu; Patra, Swapan Kumar; Upadhyay, Navin; Kumari, Anisha
In the AI era, there is a constant push and pull between cyber attackers and defenders to create a resilient information system. Some popular big AI giants like Open AI, Google, Microsoft etc and many developed nations such as UK, USA, Singapore etc are working on Cyberattacks. This paper is a review of the policy statements adopted by selected governments and the subsequent policy measures taken by the big multinational corporations. This study adopts a qualitative and descriptive research methodology based on secondary data analysis. The approach is primarily documentary and policy review-based, aiming to explore how various national and international entities are addressing cybersecurity challenges in the context of growing Artificial Intelligence adoption. With this growing use, there is a major apprehension about the safety, security, integrity, and robustness of the information system. So, it is a matter of concern how the information system deals with this issue. This study highlights the impact of AI in modern information resilience systems and focusing on the way to enhance their ability to handle uncertainties, adversarial attacks, and data perturbations
Integrating Cloud, Blockchain, and AI in Libraries: Democratizing Knowledge for Viksit Bharat 2047
(INFLIBNET Centre Gandhinagar, 2025-12-02) Mathangi, Ranjith Kumar
This paper explores the transformative potential of integrating cloud computing, blockchain technology, and artificial intelligence (AI) in library systems to democratize knowledge and foster inclusive growth towards achieving Viksit Bharat by 2047. By leveraging existing literature, case studies, and conceptual frameworks, this research evaluates how these technologies can enhance information accessibility, security, and management efficiency within libraries, thus significantly improving user experience and operational efficacy. Key findings suggest substantial improvements in data management, security assurance, and personalized user services. This paper also identifies challenges and proposes strategic recommendations for the effective implementation of these technologies in library infrastructure
A Study of Open Education Resource Usage Among LIS Students in Kerala Higher Education Institutions
(INFLIBNET Centre Gandhinagar, 2025-12-02) Rasheed, Shaukhiya; K T, Raheeha; K.Y, Inzamam Ul Haq
Open Educational Resources (OER) represent a significant initiative aimed at enhancing the accessibility of educational materials for all interested learners. The study investigates the awareness, usage patterns, perceived benefits, and barriers to OER adoption among Library and Information Science (LIS) students across various colleges in Kerala. Data were collected from 101 respondents (39.61%) out of a sample of 255 students, selected through simple random sampling from nine colleges. The findings indicate that the majority of LIS students are aware of OER and utilize them effectively. Key benefits identified include cost-effective learning and improved accessibility, while notable challenges encompass concerns regarding the quality of resources and technical difficulties. The study highlights the need for institutions to actively promote OER through targeted training and increased participation, particularly in the context of open courses. Regular evaluation and the organization of OER-focused congresses are recommended to ensure resource quality, and further democratize knowledge dissemination
Understanding Perceptions and Practices of Open Access in Northern Indian Academia
(INFLIBNET Centre Gandhinagar, 2025-12-02) Behera, Mukesh; Kumar, Rajan; Kumar, Nilesh
Purpose: This paper aims to present the findings of a survey conducted among library professionals in academic institutions across Northern India, with the objective of assessing their awareness, usage, and perception of Open Access (OA) resources. Design/methodology/approach: A structured web-based questionnaire was used to collect data from library professionals working in higher education institutions in the Northern region of India. The survey focused on their familiarity with OA concepts, frequency of use, involvement in promoting OA, and their attitudes toward its adoption. Findings: The study found that library professionals in the region generally possess a good level of awareness and a positive perception of OA resources. Many actively use and recommend OA content for academic and research support services. It was observed that those with higher levels of OA awareness were more likely to participate in institutional OA initiatives and to advocate for OA practices. However, engagement in OA policy development and formal training on OA topics remains limited. No significant differences were found in OA use based on institutional type or experience level. Research limitations/implications: The findings underscore the need for targeted capacity building, policy awareness, and institutional support to empower library professionals in championing OA practices within academic environments. Strengthening the role of libraries in OA dissemination is vital for advancing open scholarship. Originality/value: This study is among the first to explore the awareness and practices of OA specifically among library professionals in Northern India. The insights gained can guide institutional strategies, staff development, and national-level OA advocacy efforts
Access, Equity, and Quality of Information in the Indian Context
(INFLIBNET Centre Gandhinagar, 2025-12-02) K., Sreelatha; A., Mohanan
In India’s dynamic and diverse socio-cultural landscape, access, equity, and quality of information are essential for participatory governance, educational advancement, and inclusive development. This paper examines these interlinked dimensions within the Indian context, analysing the infrastructural, socio-political, and technological challenges that shape information dissemination and utilisation. Despite progressive policies like the Right to Information Act (2005), Digital India, and One Nation One Subscription, disparities persist due to language barriers, digital illiteracy, and infrastructural limitations. Equity concerns remain prominent among marginalised groups, including Scheduled Castes, women, persons with disabilities, and rural populations, often excluded from digital resources due to structural constraints. The study highlights the role of libraries, both academic and public, as well as digital resources, as critical access points, but notes their limitations in terms of funding and modernisation. It also emphasises the importance of ensuring quality through reliable, relevant, and updated content, particularly in academic and governmental domains, while combating predatory publishing and misinformation. Technological innovations and policy interventions, such as SWAYAM, NDLI, and Open Government Data platforms, offer promising directions. Drawing comparisons with global models, the paper advocates for inclusive design, multilingual support, and community-centred digital strategies to ensure equitable and high- quality information access for all citizens
An Equitable Approach towards 21st Century Public Library Systems in India: a Case Study
(INFLIBNET Centre Gandhinagar, 2025-12-02) Nigam, Anukrati; Mujral, Rajni
The landscape of library systems in urban and rural libraries of India faces multiple challenges. A cultural shift and focus are needed towards reviving the culture of reading and public libraries outside the libraries of educational institutions and universities in India. In this study, the authors analyze the library systems in India and propose the Toronto Public Library model, largest and busiest public library in North America as an adaptable framework for revisioning library systems for the world’s largest democracy - 21st century India. Furthermore, a case study of libraries in rural areas of Punjab is highlighted to address the needs for an equitable framework of distribution and access to libraries for socially excluded groups, women and people with disabilities. Libraries have the potential to be a transformative space for skills and intellectual development for the general public while bridging the socio-economic divide
An Evaluation of Academic Libraries Empowering Women, Children, and Differently-abled Individuals in Uttar Pradesh
(INFLIBNET Centre Gandhinagar, 2025-12-02) Sharma, Neha; Sharma, Jyoti
Academic libraries are crucial instruments for fostering equitable access to information, especially among underrepresented groups such as women, children, and differently-abled individuals. In the state of Uttar Pradesh, India, substantial urban-rural disparities substantially influence the availability and utilization of library resources. This study evaluates how these disparities impact educational empowerment by analyzing service accessibility, digital inclusion, and user engagement. It is employing a mixed-methods approach; data were analyzed for 480 participants across 66 academic institutions in eight cities, supported by quantitative metrics and qualitative feedback. The study reveals that while urban women and children demonstrate higher library engagement and better educational achievements, differently-abled users continue to face difficulties owing to inadequate assistive technologies and insufficient staff training. Children see the greatest academic gains, while women benefit in digital literacy and self-confidence. Despite strong motivation, differently-abled users remain underserved. Digital platforms like NDLI and DIKSHA exist, yet their impact is constrained by limited awareness, poor infrastructure, and exclusionary practices. Barriers such as short operating hours, lack of quiet zones, and absence of inclusive or gender-sensitive resources disproportionately affect rural and marginalized users. The study highlights the urgent requirement for upgraded infrastructure, inclusive policy development, and targeted staff training, concluding with practical strategies aimed at reducing access disparities and fostering empowerment among all user groups in both urban and rural areas
EnviAndhra: Gamifying Environmental Awareness Through Library- Led Digital Platforms
(INFLIBNET Centre Gandhinagar, 2025-12-02) Kantubhuktha, Surya Naveen; Joshi, Nisha Sunil
Gamified platforms enhance engagement and promote behavioral change by fostering experiential learning and encouraging users to engage with environmental issues, aligning with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This study investigates the role of libraries as proactive advocates for environmental awareness and education by developing EnviAndhra, a gamified digital platform that promotes eco-literacy, sustainable behavior, and community participation. Taking advantage of libraries' trusted and accessible status, this research offers an innovative integration of game-based learning, community involvement, and environmental data tracking inside a library-led ecosystem. The goal is to provide an engaging and scalable solution for raising environmental awareness among adolescents and the broader public through narrative, challenges, and regional environmental initiatives. The researcher proposed ways to raise environmental awareness via a gamified platform. One way to distribute information, whether digital or tangible, is through libraries
Libraries as Pathmakers: IoT-Based Hygrothermal Control for Sustainable Educational Spaces
(INFLIBNET Centre Gandhinagar, 2025-12-02) Sharath, G V Krishna; Thakur, Khusbu
School libraries face significant problems in establishing and maintaining stable hygrothermal variables essential for the long-term preservation of literary materials and educational resources. This difficulty is further exacerbated by the presence of numerous distractions within educational institutions, combined with limited staff and inadequate infrastructure. The study presents an Internet of Things (IoT) based monitoring and control system that utilises microcontrollers, sensors, and automated devices to enable real-time regulation of temperature and humidity. The proposed system mitigates deviations from established preservation thresholds and lays the groundwork for data-based environmental management practices. By utilising economical and energy-efficient solutions, this system aligns with broader objectives aimed at the sustainable development of educational entities. Through the adoption of IoT, libraries have the potential to evolve into innovative, efficient resources while maintaining a steadfast dedication to educational reform and addressing climate change as a pathmaker to the SDGs of the United Nations

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