Multi Stakeholder Synergies in Library Infrastructure Development: The Role of Government, Private Sector, and NGOs in Democratizing Access and Funding in India
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Date
2025-12-02
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INFLIBNET Centre Gandhinagar
Abstract
Every nation progressively plans for an unconditional pattern involving government, private,
and NGO sectors to ensure democratic access to multiple resources. Funding is systematically
arranged to energize IT infrastructure development. However, when it comes to development
of libraries, there are multiple issues to attain sustainability and progressive development
plan. This paper examines the evolving roles of the government, private sector, and
nongovernmental organisations (NGOs) in promoting equitable access to library services
and modernising library infrastructure in India. It draws on legislative frameworks, national
policy documents, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) initiatives, and flagship programmes
such as the National Mission on Libraries (NML) and the National Digital Library of India
(NDLI) to evaluate both achievements and persistent challenges in the sector. The findings
reveal a fragmented policy environment, marked by uneven adoption of state legislation and
the absence of a cohesive funding strategy. These gaps have historically led to chronic
underinvestment and an overreliance on ad hoc financial support. Despite targeted
interventions, rural communities have faced infrastructural deficits, limited digital access,
and uneven service delivery. At the same time, the study highlights several innovative and
community-led models such as CSR-funded rural libraries, mobile library services, inclusive
formats like Braille, and collaborative platforms like Sugamya Pustakalaya, which
demonstrate the potential for scalable and inclusive solutions. These initiatives underscore
the critical importance of participatory governance, institutional capacity, and cross-sector
collaboration in shaping an effective and sustainable library ecosystem. The paper argues
that a unified national library policy backed by diversified funding streams, robust digital
integration, and institutionalised partnerships is essential for ensuring equitable, resilient,
and future-ready library services across India
Description
14th International CALIBER 2025, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, November 17-19, 2025
Keywords
Corporate Social Responsibility, Funding Models, India, Library Infrastructure, Library Policy, National Mission on Libraries, Non Governmental Organization, Public Libraries